{"id":90,"date":"2015-04-24T14:44:11","date_gmt":"2015-04-24T14:44:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nsve.is\/?p=90"},"modified":"2016-09-26T13:16:02","modified_gmt":"2016-09-26T13:16:02","slug":"eldvorp-mikil-forn-fyrir-litinn-avinning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nsve.is\/?p=90","title":{"rendered":"Eldv\u00f6rp \u2013 mikil f\u00f3rn fyrir l\u00edtinn \u00e1vinning"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"kort<\/a>Eldv\u00f6rp eru um 10 km l\u00f6ng g\u00edgar\u00f6\u00f0 um fj\u00f3ra k\u00edl\u00f3metra vestan vi\u00f0 Bl\u00e1a l\u00f3ni\u00f0 og Svartsengi. G\u00edgar\u00f6\u00f0in mynda\u00f0ist \u00ed Reykjaneseldum \u00e1 13. \u00f6ld en \u00fe\u00e1 runnu Eldvarpahraun, Stampahraun yst \u00e1 Reykjanesi og Arnarseturshraun. \u00deegar fari\u00f0 er um \u00feessi sv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 ysta hluta Reykjanesskagans er ekki erfitt a\u00f0 \u00edmynda s\u00e9r hva\u00f0 gengi\u00f0 hefur \u00e1 \u00ed \u00feessum jar\u00f0eldum. Hvergi \u00ed heiminum eru ummerki eldvirkninnar \u00e1 m\u00f3tum tveggja jar\u00f0skorpufleka jafn s\u00fdnileg og \u00fearna. G\u00edgara\u00f0ir eru eitt ver\u00f0m\u00e6tasta og s\u00e9rst\u00e6\u00f0asta s\u00e9rkenni \u00edslensks landslags. Flestar hafa myndast undir j\u00f6kli og skili\u00f0 eftir m\u00f3bergsmyndanir, svo sem m\u00f3bergshryggi. F\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0ari eru g\u00edgara\u00f0ir sem myndast hafa \u00e1 N\u00fat\u00edma eftir a\u00f0 \u00edsaldarj\u00f6klarnir hurfu. Eldv\u00f6rp er eins konar sm\u00e6kku\u00f0 \u00fatg\u00e1fa af Lakag\u00edgum, fr\u00e6gustu g\u00edgar\u00f6\u00f0 landsins og eru \u00feau \u00e1 n\u00e1tt\u00faruminjaskr\u00e1. Mikil ver\u00f0m\u00e6ti felast \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 eiga sl\u00edka perlu tilt\u00f6lulega \u00f3snortna\u00a0 \u00ed n\u00e1grenni vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e9ttb\u00fdli\u00f0 m.a. me\u00f0 tilliti til m\u00f6guleika \u00ed fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nustu. Hins vegar er henni n\u00fa \u00f3gna\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00e1formum um ranns\u00f3knarboranir og huganlega virkjun \u00ed framhaldinu.<\/p>\n

Merkilegar s\u00f6gusl\u00f3\u00f0ir<\/h4>\n

Eldvarpasv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 er kynngimagna\u00f0 \u00fear sem saman fer \u00e1hugaver\u00f0 jar\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i og forvitnileg saga. \u00dearna liggja gamlar alfaralei\u00f0ir og vins\u00e6lar g\u00f6ngulei\u00f0ir eins og \u00c1rnast\u00edgur, Skipsst\u00edgur og Prestast\u00edgur. \u00cd hrauninu skammt austan vi\u00f0 a\u00f0alg\u00edginn eru Tyrkabyrgin svok\u00f6llu\u00f0u, h\u00e1tt \u00ed 400 \u00e1ra gamlar fornleifar sem gaman og fr\u00f3\u00f0legt er a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a. \u00deau fundust fyrir tilviljun \u00ed hrauninu \u00e1ri\u00f0 1872. Nafngiftin \u00e1 byrgjunum er tilkomin vegna \u00feeirrar tilg\u00e1tu a\u00f0 \u00feorpsb\u00faar \u00ed Grindav\u00edk hafi hla\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00feau til a\u00f0 n\u00fdta sem felusta\u00f0 ef \u201eTyrkirnir\u201c k\u00e6mu aftur en \u00feeir ger\u00f0u strandh\u00f6gg \u00ed Grindav\u00edk \u00e1ri\u00f0 1627 og f\u00f3ru \u00fear um r\u00e1nshendi. H\u00f6f\u00f0u \u00feeir einnig f\u00f3lk \u00e1 brott me\u00f0 s\u00e9r.\u00a0 Ekki hafa fundist neinar heimildir um \u00feessi mannvirki og ver\u00f0a \u00feau \u00fev\u00ed sveipu\u00f0 dul\u00fa\u00f0 enn um sinn. Byrgin standa vi\u00f0 gamla lei\u00f0 sem nefnd er Brau\u00f0st\u00edgur vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00e1\u00f0ur fyrr f\u00f3ru Sta\u00f0hverfingar eftir honum\u00a0 upp \u00ed Eldv\u00f6rp til a\u00f0 baka brau\u00f0in s\u00edn vi\u00f0 jar\u00f0hitann. Hefur hann komi\u00f0 s\u00e9r vel \u00feegar eldivi\u00f0ur var af skornum skammti.<\/p>\n

Einstakt n\u00e1tt\u00faruundur<\/h4>\n

G\u00edgar\u00f6\u00f0in \u00f6ll er afar forvitnileg. Nyrst \u00ed henni er svonefndur Tv\u00edg\u00edgahellir en \u00fear er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 ganga ne\u00f0anjar\u00f0ar \u00e1 milli tveggja eldg\u00edga eftir gosr\u00e1sinni \u00e1 milli \u00feeirra. \u00deegar komi\u00f0 er inn \u00ed st\u00e6rri g\u00edginn er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 fara ni\u00f0ur a\u00f0 r\u00f3tum hans og horfa ofan \u00ed sprunguna sem hann stendur \u00e1 en gl\u00f3andi hrauni\u00f0 hefur greinilega runni\u00f0 til baka ni\u00f0ur \u00ed sprunguna \u00ed lok gossins og g\u00edgurinn t\u00e6mst. Ve\u00f0ur \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 teljast einstakt a\u00f0 h\u00e6gt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a innvi\u00f0i eldg\u00edga me\u00f0 \u00feessum h\u00e6tti.<\/p>\n

Umfangsmiki\u00f0, \u00f3afturkr\u00e6ft rask<\/h4>\n

Mitt \u00ed g\u00edgar\u00f6\u00f0 Eldvarpa er borhola fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 1983 en h\u00fan hefur aldrei veri\u00f0 n\u00fdtt.\u00a0 Umhverfisspj\u00f6llin af v\u00f6ldum hennar eru talsver\u00f0 en \u00fe\u00f3 l\u00edtilfj\u00f6rleg mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00feau \u00e1form sem n\u00fa eru uppi um tilraunaboranir \u00e1 sv\u00e6\u00f0inu, svo ekki s\u00e9 n\u00fa tala\u00f0 um ey\u00f0ilegginguna ef af virkjun ver\u00f0ur. Samkv\u00e6mt skipulagsl\u00fdsingu ver\u00f0a borteigar \u00e1 sv\u00e6\u00f0inu alls fimm og hver um sig\u00a04 – 5 \u00fe\u00fasund\u00a0fermetrar a\u00f0 st\u00e6r\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki erfitt a\u00f0 \u00edmynda s\u00e9r fyrir \u00feann sem \u00feekkir sv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 fyrirhugu\u00f0 30-50 MW virkjun \u00ed Eldv\u00f6rpum myndi hafa mikil \u00e1hrif \u00e1 n\u00e1tt\u00faru sv\u00e6\u00f0isins, landslag og \u00e1s\u00fdnd. \u00cd matsk\u00fdrslu vegna framkv\u00e6mdanna kemur reyndar fram a\u00f0 ekki ver\u00f0i hr\u00f3fla\u00f0 vi\u00f0 g\u00edgunum sj\u00e1lfum og hefur \u00fev\u00ed veri\u00f0 haldi\u00f0 \u00e1 lofti eins og framkv\u00e6mdin muni ekki hafa nein \u00e1hrif. Lj\u00f3smyndir \u00ed matssk\u00fdrslunni, sem eiga a\u00f0 s\u00fdna afst\u00f6\u00f0u borst\u00e6\u00f0anna vi\u00f0 g\u00edgar\u00f6\u00f0ina og hugsanlega \u00e1s\u00fdnd, eru beinl\u00ednis villandi \u00fear sem \u00fe\u00e6r eru \u00fdmist teknar FR\u00c1 g\u00edgunum e\u00f0a me\u00f0 svo glei\u00f0ri linsu a\u00f0 g\u00edgarnir vir\u00f0ast \u00ed \u00f3rafjarl\u00e6g\u00f0.<\/p>\n

B\u00e6jaryfirv\u00f6ld \u00ed Grindav\u00edk hafa n\u00fdveri\u00f0 veitt HS Orku leyfi til ranns\u00f3knarborana \u00ed Eldv\u00f6rpum, \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir ums\u00f6gn Skipulagsstofnunar um neikv\u00e6\u00f0 umhverfis\u00e1hrif af sl\u00edkum borunum.\u00a0Skipulagsstofnun skila\u00f0i \u00e1liti um matssk\u00fdrsluna hausti\u00f0 2015\u00a0 og tekur \u00ed ums\u00f6gn sinni undir \u00feau sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00edtt raska\u00f0 sv\u00e6\u00f0i eins og Eldv\u00f6rp s\u00e9 afar mikilv\u00e6gt til \u00fativistar og fer\u00f0amennsku \u00ed n\u00e1grenni h\u00f6fu\u00f0borgarsv\u00e6\u00f0isins. Stofnunin segir \u00e1hrif fyrirhuga\u00f0ra framkv\u00e6mda \u201etalsvert neikv\u00e6\u00f0\u201c<\/strong><\/em> vegna rasks \u00e1 eldhrauni. Jafnframt ver\u00f0i \u00e1hrif \u00e1 gr\u00f3\u00f0ur talsver\u00f0 neikv\u00e6\u00f0 \u00fear sem um s\u00e9 a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u201enokku\u00f0 umfangsmiki\u00f0, \u00f3afturkr\u00e6ft rask \u00e1 vel gr\u00f3num, \u00f3r\u00f6sku\u00f0um sv\u00e6\u00f0um, m.a. mosagr\u00f3num n\u00fat\u00edmahraunum sem hafa \u00e1kve\u00f0na s\u00e9rst\u00f6\u00f0u vegna f\u00e1g\u00e6tis \u00e1 heimsv\u00edsu\u201c,<\/strong> <\/em>segir \u00ed ums\u00f6gninni..<\/p>\n

N\u00e1tt\u00faran n\u00fdtur ekki vafans<\/h4>\n

Jar\u00f0vangurinn Reykjanes Geopark var stofna\u00f0ur a\u00f0 frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i Grindav\u00edkurb\u00e6jar og HS Orku og er \u00e6tla\u00f0 a\u00f0 hafa \u201efr\u00e6\u00f0slugildi vegna fj\u00f6lbreytilegrar n\u00e1tt\u00faru og sjaldg\u00e6fra jar\u00f0minja\u201c<\/em> svo vitna\u00f0 s\u00e9 beint \u00ed talsmann jar\u00f0vangsins. \u00cd n\u00fdlegu fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lavi\u00f0tali talar b\u00e6jarstj\u00f3rinn \u00ed Grindav\u00edk einnig um \u201euppbyggingu fer\u00f0a\u00fej\u00f3nustu og fr\u00e6\u00f0slu sem byggir \u00e1 einst\u00f6kum jar\u00f0minjum\u201c.<\/em> \u00deessar yfirl\u00fdsingar ver\u00f0a a\u00f0 teljast fur\u00f0ulegar \u00ed lj\u00f3si \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00e1 sama t\u00edma gaf Grindav\u00edkurb\u00e6r HS Orku leyfi til ranns\u00f3knaborana ofan \u00ed merkilegustu jar\u00f0minjum sv\u00e6\u00f0isins \u00fear sem g\u00edgar\u00f6\u00f0in \u00ed Eldv\u00f6rpum ver\u00f0ur \u201eskreytt\u201c me\u00f0 fimm risast\u00f3rum borteigum.
\n\u00cd matssk\u00fdrslunni kemur gl\u00f6gglega fram a\u00f0 tengsl eru \u00e1 milli hitasv\u00e6\u00f0anna \u00ed Eldv\u00f6rpum og Svartsengi. Allt bendir til \u00feess a\u00f0 um sama jar\u00f0hitageyminn s\u00e9 a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a. Orkuvinnsla \u00ed Eldv\u00f6rpum yr\u00f0i \u00fev\u00ed aldrei sj\u00e1flb\u00e6r, ekki frekar en vinnslan \u00ed Svartsengi sem er keyr\u00f0 \u00e1 r\u00famlega 70% afk\u00f6stum. Einungis \u00feannig er m\u00f6gulegt a\u00f0 halda henni \u00ed jafnv\u00e6gi. HS Orka vill sum\u00e9 ganga \u00far skugga um \u00feetta me\u00f0 tilraunaborunum. N\u00e1tt\u00faran f\u00e6r ekki a\u00f0 nj\u00f3ta vafans.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Texti og lj\u00f3smyndir: Ellert Gr\u00e9tarsson.
\n<\/strong>
\nUpphaflega birt 24.04.2015.
\nUppf\u00e6rt 26.09.2016.
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

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